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Adverb (क्रिया विशेषण) in English Grammar in Hindi | Basic to Advanced Complete Guide

 

Adverb (क्रिया विशेषण) in English Grammar in Hindi | Basic to Advanced Complete Guide
Adverb (क्रिया विशेषण) in English Grammar in Hindi | Basic to Advanced Complete Guide

Adverb (क्रिया विशेषण) in English Grammar in Hindi | Basic to Advanced Complete Guide

यदि आप English Grammar बिल्कुल Zero Level से सीखना चाहते हैं, तो Adverb (क्रिया विशेषण) को समझना बहुत आवश्यक है। यह English Grammar का एक महत्वपूर्ण Part of Speech है, जो किसी Verb, Adjective, दूसरे Adverb या पूरे Sentence की विशेषता बताता है।

बहुत से विद्यार्थी Adjective और Adverb में अंतर नहीं समझ पाते। प्रतियोगी परीक्षाओं, स्कूल, कॉलेज तथा Spoken English में Adverb का सही प्रयोग बेहद महत्वपूर्ण होता है।

इस Complete Guide में हम Adverb को Basic से लेकर Advanced Level तक बिल्कुल आसान हिन्दी भाषा में सीखेंगे। प्रत्येक Topic के साथ Definition, Rules, Examples, Common Mistakes तथा Practice Questions भी दिए गए हैं।

इस लेख में आप सीखेंगे—
  • Adverb क्या होता है?
  • Adverb की पहचान
  • Adverb की Definition
  • Types of Adverb
  • Rules of Adverb
  • Position of Adverb
  • Comparison of Adverbs
  • 100+ Examples
  • Practice Exercise
  • MCQ Test

Adverb (क्रिया विशेषण) क्या है?

Adverb वह शब्द होता है जो किसी Verb, Adjective, दूसरे Adverb या पूरे Sentence की विशेषता बताता है। यह यह भी बताता है कि कोई कार्य कैसे, कब, कहाँ, कितनी बार या किस सीमा तक हुआ है।

Definition (English)

An Adverb is a word that modifies a Verb, an Adjective, another Adverb or an entire Sentence.

Definition (Hindi)

जो शब्द किसी क्रिया (Verb), विशेषण (Adjective), दूसरे Adverb अथवा पूरे वाक्य की विशेषता बताए, उसे Adverb (क्रिया विशेषण) कहते हैं।

Adverb की पहचान कैसे करें?

यदि किसी वाक्य में कोई शब्द निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों का उत्तर देता है, तो वह सामान्यतः Adverb होता है।

  • कैसे? (How)
  • कब? (When)
  • कहाँ? (Where)
  • कितनी बार? (How Often)
  • कितना? (How Much)
  • किस सीमा तक? (To What Extent)
Examples

He runs quickly.
(वह तेज़ी से दौड़ता है।)

She speaks politely.
(वह विनम्रता से बोलती है।)

They arrived yesterday.
(वे कल आए।)

We looked everywhere.
(हमने हर जगह देखा।)

Adjective और Adverb में अंतर

Adjective Adverb
Noun या Pronoun की विशेषता बताता है। Verb, Adjective, दूसरे Adverb या Sentence की विशेषता बताता है।
He is a good boy. He writes well.
She is beautiful. She sings beautifully.
याद रखें:

Good एक Adjective है, जबकि Well एक Adverb है।

Adverb क्यों सीखना जरूरी है?

Adverb का सही प्रयोग आपकी English को अधिक प्रभावशाली, स्पष्ट और प्राकृतिक बनाता है। चाहे आप Spoken English सीख रहे हों, School Exam की तैयारी कर रहे हों या SSC, UPSC, Railway, Banking, Police, NDA, CDS जैसी प्रतियोगी परीक्षाओं की तैयारी कर रहे हों, Adverb का ज्ञान अत्यंत आवश्यक है।

  • Sentence अधिक स्पष्ट बनता है।
  • Fluent English बोलने में सहायता मिलती है।
  • Writing Skills बेहतर होती हैं।
  • Grammar Mistakes कम होती हैं।
  • Competitive Exams में अच्छे अंक मिलते हैं।
preposition-in-english-grammar-in-hindi-complete-guide

Types of Adverb (क्रिया विशेषण के प्रकार)

Adverb के कई प्रकार होते हैं। प्रत्येक प्रकार किसी कार्य के अलग-अलग पहलू को बताता है। जैसे—कार्य कैसे हुआ, कहाँ हुआ, कब हुआ, कितनी बार हुआ या किस सीमा तक हुआ।

मुख्य प्रकार (Main Types of Adverb)
  • 1. Adverb of Manner (रीति सूचक)
  • 2. Adverb of Place (स्थान सूचक)
  • 3. Adverb of Time (समय सूचक)
  • 4. Adverb of Frequency (बारंबारता सूचक)
  • 5. Adverb of Degree (परिमाण सूचक)
  • 6. Adverb of Reason (कारण सूचक)
  • 7. Adverb of Affirmation & Negation (स्वीकृति एवं निषेध सूचक)
  • 8. Interrogative Adverb (प्रश्नवाचक क्रिया विशेषण)
  • 9. Relative Adverb (सम्बन्धवाचक क्रिया विशेषण)

1. Adverb of Manner (रीति सूचक क्रिया विशेषण)

जो Adverb यह बताए कि कोई कार्य कैसे (How) हुआ है, उसे Adverb of Manner कहते हैं।

Definition

An Adverb of Manner tells us how an action is done.

पहचान

  • कैसे?
  • किस प्रकार?
  • किस ढंग से?
Examples

He speaks slowly.

She writes carefully.

They worked hard.

The baby slept peacefully.

He answered politely.

Common Adverbs

English Hindi
Slowlyधीरे
Quicklyजल्दी
Carefullyसावधानी से
Beautifullyसुन्दर ढंग से
Politelyविनम्रता से
Bravelyबहादुरी से
Hardमेहनत से

2. Adverb of Place (स्थान सूचक क्रिया विशेषण)

जो Adverb किसी कार्य के कहाँ (Where) होने का बोध कराए, उसे Adverb of Place कहते हैं।

Definition

An Adverb of Place tells where an action happens.

पहचान

  • कहाँ?
  • किधर?
  • किस स्थान पर?

Come here.

Go there.

They live nearby.

She looked outside.

The children are playing upstairs.

English Hindi
Hereयहाँ
Thereवहाँ
Outsideबाहर
Insideअंदर
Nearbyपास में
Aboveऊपर
Belowनीचे

3. Adverb of Time (समय सूचक क्रिया विशेषण)

जो Adverb यह बताए कि कार्य कब (When) हुआ, उसे Adverb of Time कहते हैं।

Definition

An Adverb of Time tells us when an action takes place.

I met him yesterday.

She will come tomorrow.

He is leaving now.

They arrived early.

We shall meet soon.

English Hindi
Todayआज
Yesterdayकल (बीता हुआ)
Tomorrowकल (आने वाला)
Nowअब
Soonशीघ्र
Laterबाद में
Earlyजल्दी
Lateदेर से

4. Adverb of Frequency (बारंबारता सूचक क्रिया विशेषण)

जो Adverb यह बताए कि कोई कार्य कितनी बार (How Often) होता है, उसे Adverb of Frequency कहते हैं।

Definition

An Adverb of Frequency tells how often an action happens.

He always helps me.

She often visits us.

They sometimes play cricket.

I rarely watch TV.

He never lies.

Word Meaning
Alwaysहमेशा
Usuallyआमतौर पर
Oftenअक्सर
Sometimesकभी-कभी
Rarelyबहुत कम
Neverकभी नहीं
महत्वपूर्ण Rule

Adverb of Frequency सामान्यतः Main Verb से पहले तथा Verb "Be" (is, am, are, was, were) के बाद आता है।

✔ He always works hard.

✔ She is always happy.

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5. Adverb of Degree (परिमाण सूचक क्रिया विशेषण)

जो Adverb किसी कार्य, गुण या अवस्था की मात्रा (How Much) या सीमा (To What Extent) बताता है, उसे Adverb of Degree कहते हैं।

Definition (English)

An Adverb of Degree tells us the extent, level or intensity of an action, quality or another adverb.

पहचान

  • कितना?
  • किस सीमा तक?
  • कितनी मात्रा में?

She is very beautiful.

I am too tired.

He runs quite fast.

The water is almost hot.

You are completely right.

Adverb Hindi Meaning
Veryबहुत
Tooअत्यधिक
Quiteकाफी
Almostलगभग
Completelyपूरी तरह
Fullyपूर्णतः
Enoughपर्याप्त
Extremelyअत्यंत

6. Adverb of Reason (कारण सूचक क्रिया विशेषण)

जो Adverb किसी कार्य के कारण या उद्देश्य को व्यक्त करता है, उसे Adverb of Reason कहते हैं।

Definition

An Adverb of Reason tells the reason or purpose of an action.

Therefore, we stayed home.

Hence, he succeeded.

Thus, everyone agreed.

Consequently, the match was cancelled.

Word Meaning
Thereforeइसलिए
Henceअतः
Thusइस प्रकार
Consequentlyफलस्वरूप

7. Adverb of Affirmation and Negation (स्वीकृति एवं निषेध सूचक)

जो Adverb किसी बात की पुष्टि (Affirmation) या अस्वीकार (Negation) व्यक्त करे, उसे Adverb of Affirmation and Negation कहते हैं।

He will certainly come.

She is surely honest.

I will never forget you.

He did not agree.

You are definitely right.

Affirmation Negation
CertainlyNot
SurelyNever
DefinitelyNo
IndeedHardly

8. Interrogative Adverb (प्रश्नवाचक क्रिया विशेषण)

जो Adverb प्रश्न पूछने के लिए प्रयोग किया जाता है, उसे Interrogative Adverb कहते हैं।

Definition

An Interrogative Adverb is used to ask questions.

When did you come?

Where do you live?

Why are you crying?

How are you?

Word Meaning
Whenकब
Whereकहाँ
Whyक्यों
Howकैसे

9. Relative Adverb (सम्बन्धवाचक क्रिया विशेषण)

जो Adverb दो वाक्यों या दो उपवाक्यों (Clauses) को जोड़ता है तथा समय, स्थान या कारण का संबंध बताता है, उसे Relative Adverb कहते हैं।

Definition

A Relative Adverb joins two clauses and refers to time, place or reason.

This is the house where I was born.

I remember the day when we met.

I know the reason why he left.


Formation of Adverbs (Adverb कैसे बनते हैं?)

अधिकांश Adverbs, Adjective के अंत में -ly जोड़कर बनाए जाते हैं।

Adjective Adverb
SlowSlowly
QuickQuickly
HappyHappily
CarefulCarefully
BeautifulBeautifully
BraveBravely
PolitePolitely
EasyEasily

महत्वपूर्ण अपवाद (Exceptions)

Adjective Adverb
GoodWell
FastFast
HardHard
LateLate
EarlyEarly
ध्यान दें:

❌ He sings good.

✔ He sings well.


❌ He works hardly. (गलत अर्थ)

✔ He works hard.

Hardly का अर्थ "मुश्किल से" होता है, जबकि Hard का अर्थ "कड़ी मेहनत से" होता है।


100+ Common Adverbs List

English Hindi Meaning
Quicklyजल्दी
Slowlyधीरे
Carefullyसावधानी से
Beautifullyसुंदर तरीके से
Politelyविनम्रता से
Bravelyबहादुरी से
Honestlyईमानदारी से
Clearlyस्पष्ट रूप से
Loudlyजोर से
Softlyधीमी आवाज में
Angrilyगुस्से से
Happilyखुशी से
Sadlyदुख से
Easilyआसानी से
Hardlyमुश्किल से
Brisklyतेजी से
Neatlyसाफ-सुथरे तरीके से
Wiselyसमझदारी से
Foolishlyमूर्खतापूर्वक
Calmlyशांतिपूर्वक
Rapidlyतेजी से
Gentlyधीरे से
Quietlyचुपचाप
Badlyखराब तरीके से
Wellअच्छे से
Fastतेजी से
Lateदेर से
Alwaysहमेशा
Usuallyआमतौर पर
Oftenअक्सर
Sometimesकभी-कभी
Rarelyबहुत कम
Seldomकभी-कभार
Neverकभी नहीं
Frequentlyबार-बार
Occasionallyकभी-कभी
Generallyआमतौर पर
Todayआज
Yesterdayकल
Tomorrowकल (आने वाला)
Nowअब
Thenतब
Laterबाद में
Soonशीघ्र
Alreadyपहले से
Recentlyहाल ही में
Immediatelyतुरंत
Hereयहाँ
Thereवहाँ
Everywhereहर जगह
Nowhereकहीं नहीं
Somewhereकहीं
Anywhereकहीं भी
Insideअंदर
Outsideबाहर
Nearbyपास में
Awayदूर
Upstairsऊपर
Downstairsनीचे
Veryबहुत
Tooअत्यधिक
Quiteकाफी
Ratherथोड़ा अधिक
Almostलगभग
Completelyपूरी तरह
Totallyपूर्णतः
Extremelyअत्यंत
Reallyवास्तव में
Justसिर्फ
Enoughपर्याप्त
Alsoभी
Onlyकेवल
Evenभी (जोर देने के लिए)
Stillअभी भी
Yetअभी तक
Soइसलिए
Thusइस प्रकार
Thereforeइसलिए
Henceअतः
Otherwiseअन्यथा
Moreoverइसके अलावा
Howeverहालाँकि
Upऊपर की ओर
Downनीचे की ओर
Aheadआगे
Backwardपीछे की ओर
Forwardआगे की ओर
Hardकड़ी मेहनत से
Highऊँचा
Lowनीचा

Position of Adverb (Adverb की स्थिति)

Adverb का प्रयोग वाक्य में अलग-अलग स्थान पर किया जा सकता है। इसकी स्थिति Sentence के meaning को बदल भी सकती है।

मुख्य नियम:

Adverb का स्थान Verb, Subject या Object के अनुसार बदल सकता है।

1. Verb के बाद Adverb

She sings beautifully.

He runs fast.

2. Helping Verb के बाद

He is always late.

They are often busy.

3. Sentence की शुरुआत में

Yesterday, I met him.

Suddenly, it started raining.

4. Object के बाद

He completed the work carefully.

She solved the problem quickly.


Important Grammar Rules of Adverb

  • Adverb Verb, Adjective और दूसरे Adverb को modify करता है।
  • Adverb of Frequency हमेशा Main Verb से पहले आता है।
  • Adverb of Manner अक्सर Verb के बाद आता है।
  • Adverb of Time और Place sentence के शुरुआत या अंत में आ सकता है।
  • Adjective + -ly = Adverb (mostly true rule)

Common Mistakes (बहुत जरूरी)

❌ Wrong: He runs very quick.

✔ Correct: He runs very quickly.


❌ Wrong: She sings good.

✔ Correct: She sings well.


❌ Wrong: He works hardly.

✔ Correct: He works hard.


Comparison of Adverbs (Degree of Comparison)

कुछ Adverbs का Comparison किया जाता है:

Positive Comparative Superlative
Fast Faster Fastest
Carefully More carefully Most carefully
Early Earlier Earliest
Well Better Best

100+ Examples of Adverbs (Advanced Practice)

He works hard every day.

She speaks fluently in English.

They arrived early in the morning.

I will meet you tomorrow.

He never tells lies.

She always helps others.

The train moved slowly.

He answered politely.

We searched everywhere.

She is very intelligent.

The baby slept peacefully.

He finished the work quickly.

They are always happy.

I rarely go outside.

She completely forgot the answer.

He speaks loudly in class.

She smiled sweetly.

They played well yesterday.

He runs fast.

She came late to school.

We will leave soon.

He is sitting inside the room.

The dog is waiting outside.

She looked upstairs.

They live nearby.

I will call you later.

He came here yesterday.

She went there alone.

We searched nowhere.

They found it somewhere.

He is too tired to walk.

She is quite smart.

The story is very interesting.

He is almost ready.

The task is completely done.

She is extremely happy today.

He is really strong.

The work is fully completed.

She is just leaving.

He is enough strong to lift it.

She also sings well.

He only wants success.

We even tried harder.

He still remembers me.

They yet have not come.

So, we decided to leave.

Thus, the problem was solved.

Therefore, he was punished.

Hence, the result was positive.

Otherwise, we will fail.

He drove carefully.

She danced beautifully.

They fought bravely.

The soldier died honorably.

He answered confidently.

She worked diligently.

The child cried loudly.

He laughed heartily.

She wrote neatly.

They performed brilliantly.

He spoke softly.

She reacted angrily.

The teacher explained clearly.

They moved rapidly.

He opened the door gently.

She closed it quietly.

The team played badly.

He answered wisely.

She acted foolishly.

They completed it successfully.

He goes to school daily.

She visits her grandmother weekly.

They meet monthly.

He checks updates hourly.

She exercises regularly.

They travel occasionally.

He comes frequently.

She rarely eats junk food.

He never smokes.

They always obey rules.

She will come immediately.

He left recently.

They arrived already.

She will return soon.

He is coming now.

They met yesterday.

We will meet tomorrow.

She left earlier.

He came later.

They finished finally.

She lives upstairs.

He is standing downstairs.

The bird flew up.

The ball rolled down.

He moved forward.

She stepped backward.

The car went ahead.

They looked around.

He searched everywhere.

She looked carefully everywhere.


Practice Exercise: Fill in the Blanks (50 Questions)

नीचे दिए गए वाक्यों में सही Adverb भरिए:

1. He runs very ______ (fast).

2. She speaks ______ (loud).

3. They arrived ______ (early).

4. I work ______ (hard).

5. She sings ______ (beautiful).

6. He completed the task ______ (quick).

7. The baby is sleeping ______ (peaceful).

8. She answered ______ (polite).

9. They played ______ (good).

10. He drives ______ (careful).

11. She walked ______ (slow).

12. He spoke ______ (angry).

13. They laughed ______ (happy).

14. She writes ______ (neat).

15. He reacted ______ (quick).

16. The train moved ______ (slow).

17. She danced ______ (beautiful).

18. He shouted ______ (loud).

19. They worked ______ (hard).

20. She smiled ______ (sweet).

21. He answered ______ (correct).

22. They came ______ (late).

23. She left ______ (early).

24. He finished the work ______ (quick).

25. They searched ______ (careful).

26. She behaved ______ (polite).

27. He speaks English ______ (fluent).

28. They acted ______ (wise).

29. She cried ______ (loud).

30. He worked ______ (diligent).

31. They arrived ______ (immediate).

32. She sings ______ (beautiful).

33. He drives ______ (safe).

34. They spoke ______ (soft).

35. She completed it ______ (successful).

36. He laughed ______ (happy).

37. They played ______ (brave).

38. She answered ______ (quick).

39. He wrote ______ (careful).

40. They worked ______ (hard).

41. She came ______ (late).

42. He left ______ (early).

43. They met ______ (frequent).

44. She visits us ______ (often).

45. He never speaks ______ (lie).

46. She is ______ (very) intelligent.

47. He is ______ (too) tired.

48. They are ______ (almost) ready.

49. She is ______ (completely) happy.

50. He works ______ (hard) every day.

Answer Key: Fill in the Blanks (50 Answers)

1. fast

2. loudly

3. early

4. hard

5. beautifully

6. quickly

7. peacefully

8. politely

9. well

10. carefully

11. slowly

12. angrily

13. happily

14. neatly

15. quickly

16. slowly

17. beautifully

18. loudly

19. hard

20. sweetly

21. correctly

22. late

23. early

24. quickly

25. carefully

26. politely

27. fluently

28. wisely

29. loudly

30. diligently

31. immediately

32. beautifully

33. safely

34. softly

35. successfully

36. happily

37. bravely

38. quickly

39. carefully

40. hard

41. late

42. early

43. frequently

44. often

45. lies

46. very

47. too

48. almost

49. completely

50. hard

MCQ Test: Adverb (50 Questions)

सही विकल्प चुनिए:

1. He runs very ______.

a) fast b) faster c) fastest d) more fast

2. She speaks very ______.

a) loud b) loudly c) louder d) loudest

3. They arrived ______.

a) early b) earlier c) earliest d) more early

4. He works ______.

a) hard b) hardly c) harder d) hardest

5. She sings ______.

a) beautiful b) beautifully c) beauty d) beautify

6. He answered ______.

a) polite b) politely c) politeness d) politing

7. The train moves ______.

a) slow b) slowly c) slower d) slowest

8. She is ______ intelligent.

a) very b) too c) quite d) all

9. He is ______ late today.

a) always b) often c) rarely d) never

10. They met ______.

a) yesterday b) tomorrow c) soon d) later

11. She is ______ happy.

a) very b) too c) enough d) quite

12. He drives ______.

a) careful b) carefully c) care d) cared

13. We searched ______.

a) everywhere b) anywhere c) nowhere d) somewhere

14. She will come ______.

a) now b) soon c) late d) all

15. He speaks English ______.

a) fluent b) fluently c) fluency d) fluenting

16. They are ______ ready.

a) almost b) mostly c) nearly d) fully

17. She cried ______.

a) loudly b) loud c) louder d) loudest

18. He runs ______ fast.

a) very b) too c) quite d) all

19. She completed the work ______.

a) quick b) quickly c) quicker d) quickest

20. They always come ______.

a) late b) later c) latest d) lately

21. He is ______ busy today.

a) very b) too c) quite d) all

22. She sings ______.

a) good b) well c) better d) best

23. He behaves ______.

a) polite b) politely c) politeness d) politing

24. They worked ______.

a) hardly b) hard c) harder d) hardest

25. She looked ______.

a) careful b) carefully c) care d) caring

26. He came ______.

a) here b) there c) everywhere d) nowhere

27. They meet ______.

a) daily b) day c) days d) dated

28. She is ______ late.

a) never b) always c) often d) sometimes

29. He is sitting ______.

a) inside b) insidely c) insidely d) insided

30. She is ______ beautiful.

a) very b) too c) quite d) all

31. He shouted ______.

a) loudly b) loud c) louder d) loudest

32. They are ______ happy.

a) very b) too c) quite d) all

33. She is working ______.

a) hardly b) hard c) harder d) hardest

34. He came ______ yesterday.

a) early b) late c) soon d) now

35. She is ______ tired.

a) very b) too c) quite d) all

36. He behaves ______ in class.

a) good b) well c) badly d) best

37. They are ______ ready.

a) almost b) mostly c) fully d) all

38. She works ______.

a) hard b) hardly c) harder d) hardest

39. He is ______ speaking.

a) still b) yet c) already d) ever

40. They go ______ school.

a) to b) at c) in d) on

41. She sings ______ than him.

a) good b) better c) best d) well

42. He is the ______ runner.

a) fast b) faster c) fastest d) more fast

43. They work ______ every day.

a) hard b) hardly c) harder d) hardest

44. She speaks ______ English.

a) fluent b) fluently c) fluency d) fluenting

45. He came ______ from school.

a) quickly b) slow c) fastly d) hardly

46. She is ______ intelligent.

a) very b) too c) quite d) all

47. They arrived ______ on time.

a) hardly b) exactly c) nearly d) almost

48. He runs ______ than me.

a) fast b) faster c) fastest d) more fast

49. She writes ______.

a) neatly b) neat c) neater d) neatest

50. They always behave ______.

a) good b) well c) better d) best

Answer Key: MCQ Test (50 Questions)

1. a) fast

2. b) loudly

3. a) early

4. a) hard

5. b) beautifully

6. b) politely

7. b) slowly

8. a) very

9. a) always

10. a) yesterday

11. a) very

12. b) carefully

13. a) everywhere

14. b) soon

15. b) fluently

16. a) almost

17. a) loudly

18. a) very

19. b) quickly

20. a) late

21. a) very

22. b) well

23. b) politely

24. b) hard

25. b) carefully

26. a) here

27. a) daily

28. a) never

29. a) inside

30. a) very

31. a) loudly

32. a) very

33. b) hard

34. b) late

35. a) very

36. b) well

37. a) almost

38. a) hard

39. a) still

40. a) to

41. b) better

42. c) fastest

43. a) hard

44. b) fluently

45. a) quickly

46. a) very

47. b) exactly

48. b) faster

49. a) neatly

50. b) well


Final Summary

Adverb English Grammar का बहुत महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा है। यह हमें बताता है कि कोई कार्य कैसे, कब, कहाँ, कितनी बार या किस सीमा तक हुआ है। Adverb का सही उपयोग आपकी English को fluent, professional और effective बनाता है।

Final Tip:

Daily practice और examples के साथ Adverb को समझें, इससे आपकी Grammar strong हो जाएगी।

Adverb (क्रिया विशेषण) in English Grammar in Hindi | Basic to Advanced Complete Guide

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